Jesus cannot be understood apart from the history of Israel. Sl, 2, 3: PL 38, 33S; Serm. Attentively in Christ, let them consider with fatherly love the projects, suggestions and desires proposed by the laity. Lumen Gentium, ("Light of Nations", Vatican II, 1964) changed nothing in the ecclesiology of the Roman Catholic Church, and it was designed that way. 3, a. Trid., Sess. ROME, NOV. 4, 2004 (Zenit) - Nov. 21 will mark 40 years since the promulgation by Pope Paul VI of the Second Vatican Council's dogmatic constitution, "Lumen Gentium." To better understand the way in which this document was written, we interviewed Jesuit Father Peter Gumpel, who collaborated day by day in the . 28:16-20; Mk. 19. Iur. SS. This is explicitly affirmed in n. 22, 12, and is explained at the end of that section. In dorm. What specifically characterizes the laity is their secular nature. The Sacred Scriptures of both the Old and the New Testament, as well as ancient Tradition show the role of the Mother of the Saviour in the economy of salvation in an ever clearer light and draw attention to it. 45. The Father began this formation process with the Israelites and brought it to fulfillment in the Church. (74) Constitutiones Ecclesiac aegyptiacae, III, 2: ed. 35, De invocatione, veneratione et reliquiis Sanctorum et sacris imaginibus: Denz. In the midst of the flock they adore Him in spirit and in truth. In this temporal service, they will manifest to all men the love with which God loved the world. Pius XI, Litt. (2) Cfr. having cooperated by charity that faithful might be born in the Church, who are members of that Head. Thus in their diversity all bear witness to the wonderful unity in the Body of Christ. (10) Cfr. S. Augustinus, De Dono Persev. 9. Act. Dei Verbum, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation, November 15, 1965. (23) Cfr. 184, a. Oec. Pius XII, Litt. : Ed. Officio sanctissimo, 22 dec. 1887: AAS 20 (1887) p. 264. (12*) It is charity which guides us to our final end. Read more. C. Mohlberg, Sacramentarium Veronense, Romae, 195S, p. 119: ad summi sacerdotii ministerium Comple in sacerdotibus tuis mysterii tui summam. Idem, Liber Sacramentorum Romanae Ecclesiae Romae, 1960, pp. The Roman Pontiff, taking account of the Church's welfare, proceeds according to his own discretion in arranging, promoting and approving the exercise of collegial activity. Encycl. Leo XIII, Epist. (133) Wherefore she makes the words of the Apostle her own: "Woe to me, if I do not preach the Gospel",(134) and continues unceasingly to send heralds of the Gospel until such time as the infant churches are fully established and can themselves continue the work of evangelizing. Pius XI, Litt. Communion is a notion which is held in high honor in the ancient Church (and also today, especially in the East). S. Bonaventura, Opusc. . 285 Cf. The faithful of Christ bind themselves to the three aforesaid counsels either by vows, or by other sacred bonds, which are like vows in their purpose. Those chosen for the fullness of the priesthood are granted the ability of exercising the perfect duty of pastoral charity by the grace of the sacrament of Orders. - S. Io. 4:13. For from Him the whole body, being closely joined and knit together through every joint of the system, according to the functioning in due measure of each single part, derives its increase to the building up of itself in love".(190). 85, 24: PL 37, 1095 S. Hieronymus, Liber contra Vigl lantium, b: PL 23, 344. (62*) They have legitimately handed on to different individuals in the Church various degrees of participation in this ministry. I Orient., c. 216-314: de Patriarchis; c. 324-399: de Archiepiscopis I maioribus; c. 362-391: de aliis dignitariis; in specie, c. 238 3; 216; 240; 251; 255: de Episcopis a Patriarch nominandis. Not only, then, is the people of God made up of different peoples but in its inner structure also it is composed of various ranks. 62. Cfr. But since it has pleased God not to manifest solemnly the mystery of the salvation of the human race before He would pour forth the Spirit promised by Christ, we see the apostles before the day of Pentecost "persevering with one mind in prayer with the women and Mary the Mother of Jesus, and with His brethren",(296) and Mary by her prayers imploring the gift of the Spirit, who had already overshadowed her in the Annunciation. S. Ignatius M., ad ephes. Ad diem illum, 2 febr. Fidei Donum, 1. c. (36) Leo XIII, Litt. 68. Overview Summary OVERVIEW Lumen gentium is a principal document of the Second Vatican Council. And We by the apostolic power given Us by Christ together with the Venerable Fathers in the Holy Spirit, approve, decree and establish it and command that what has thus been decided in the Council be promulgated for the glory of God. Helpful. VI, allocutio in Concilio, die 4 dec. 1963: AAS 56 (1964) p. 37. DOGMATIC CONSTITUTION ON THE CHURCH. (12) The Spirit dwells in the Church and in the hearts of the faithful, as in a temple. ecl., V, 24, 10: GCS II, 1, p. 49S; cd. (128) Those also can attain to salvation who through no fault of their own do not know the Gospel of Christ or His Church, yet sincerely seek God and moved by grace strive by their deeds to do His will as it is known to them through the dictates of conscience. Taking part in the Eucharistic sacrifice, which is the fount and apex of the whole Christian life, they offer the Divine Victim to God, and offer themselves along with It. Au milieu des consolations, 23 dec. 1900: AAS 33 (1900-01) p. 361. This same state of life is accurately exemplified and perpetually made present in the Church. In this way they are really made holy. 5. (6) Cfr. Haer. III, q. (10*), In virtue of this catholicity each individual part contributes through its special gifts to the good of the other parts and of the whole Church. In no way does it impede, but rather does it foster the immediate union of the faithful with Christ. 341, 9, 11: PL 39, 1499 s. S. Io. Pius XII, Litt. All the faithful, scattered though they be throughout the world, are in communion with each other in the Holy Spirit, and so, he who dwells in Rome knows that the people of India are his members"(9*). Hence the Commission, almost unanimously, decided that this wording should be used: "in hierarchical communion." Cf. Conc. S. Ignatius M. Smyrn 8, 1: ed. Cone. 1950: AAS 42 (1950) p. 256. Associated with their bishop in a spirit of trust and generosity, they make him present in a certain sense in the individual local congregations, and take upon themselves, as far as they are able, his duties and the burden of his care, and discharge them with a daily interest. In the interim just as the Mother of Jesus, glorified in body and soul in heaven, is the image and beginning of the Church as it is to be perfected is the world to come, so too does she shine forth on earth, until the day of the Lord shall come,(304) as a sign of sure hope and solace to the people of God during its sojourn on earth. He speaks to us in them, and gives us a sign of His Kingdom,(12*) to which we are strongly drawn, having so great a cloud of witnesses over us (276) and such a witness to the truth of the Gospel. Tuas libener: Denz. They should embue their offspring, lovingly welcomed as God's gift, with Christian doctrine and the evangelical virtues. (8) Cfr. (59) Leo XIII, Epist. (2*), From the point of view of the divine and hierarchical structure of the Church, the religious state of life is not an intermediate state between the clerical and lay states. Encycl. 3, 7: PL 2, 357 C, CSEL 47, 3 p. 386. 23, cap. Second Sunday of the Year. Vat. L. VIII, cap. Pius XII, Const. Consequently, may every opportunity be given them so that, according to their abilities and the needs of the times, they may zealously participate in the saving work of the Church. 3. The classes and duties of life are many, but holiness is onethat sanctity which is cultivated by all who are moved by the Spirit of God, and who obey the voice of the Father and worship God the Father in spirit and in truth. (21*) Hence after the Synod of Ephesus the cult of the people of God toward Mary wonderfully increased in veneration and love, in invocation and imitation, according to her own prophetic words: "All generations shall call me blessed, because He that is mighty hath done great things to me". Satis cognitum, 1. c., p. 713. But each of them, as a member of the episcopal college and legitimate successor of the apostles, is obliged by Christ's institution and command to be solicitous for the whole Church,(33*) and this solicitude, though it is not exercised by an act of jurisdiction, contributes greatly to the advantage of the universal Church. This is so even at the very beginning, when at the marriage feast of Cana, moved with pity, she brought about by her intercession the beginning of miracles of Jesus the Messiah. I Oec. Satis cognitum, 29 iun. Lumen Gentium represents an important synthesis of Biblical, Patristic, medieval and Tridentine ecclesiology, combined with orthodox elements of the new theological movement. 2. 5 et 6. Nicaenum, I can. This hierarchical communion of all the bishops with the Supreme Pontiff is certainly firmly established in Tradition. A council is never ecumenical unless it is confirmed or at least accepted as such by the successor of Peter; and it is prerogative of the Roman Pontiff to convoke these councils, to preside over them and to confirm them. 938 (1739-40). Sixteen major documents were produced: two dogmatic and pastoral constitutions, nine decrees and three declarations. Hesychiu Hieros., In Lcv. Let them willingly employ their prudent advice. Origenes, In Matth. Without the Church, we do not have the New Testament, the sacraments, sanctifying grace, the magisterium, the saints and their intercession, and the salvific efficacy of the Holy Mass. Therefore, since they are tightly bound up in all types of temporal affairs it is their special task to order and to throw light upon these affairs in such a way that they may come into being and then continually increase according to Christ to the praise of the Creator and the Redeemer. I XXlV, can. (2) Cfr. "(17), Thus, the Church has been seen as "a people made one with the unity of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. In this singular way she cooperated by her obedience, faith, hope and burning charity in the work of the Saviour in giving back supernatural life to souls. 1821 (3050 s.). 69, 6: PL 3, 1142 B; Hartel 3 B, p. 754: inseparabile unitatis sacramentum .. (2) Cfr. Opera, Quaracchi, t. 8, 1898, p. 245 a. Conc. (135)(22*) In this way the Church both prays and labors in order that the entire world may become the People of God, the Body of the Lord and the Temple of the Holy Spirit, and that in Christ, the Head of all, all honor and glory may be rendered to the Creator and Father of the Universe. Boston. Alla vostra filfale. Pius XII, Litt. A. S. Athanasius (? III, Const. - S. Io. 4; enz. Vaticanum II, Const. (6*) Among those various ministries which, according to tradition, were exercised in the Church from the earliest times, the chief place belongs to the office of those who, appointed to the episcopate, by a succession running from the beginning,(7*) are passers-on of the apostolic seed. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., p. 221 ss. (17) Cfr. Ferr.-Flor. Then, with combined rejoicing we celebrate together the praise of the divine majesty;(18*) then all those from every tribe and tongue and people and nation (278) who have been redeemed by the blood of Christ and gathered together into one Church, with one song of praise magnify the one and triune God. (290), 58. Ambrosius, De Vidu s, 4, 23: PL 16, 241 s. (1) Cfr. (34) Cfr. Origenes, In Is. 65, a. 16:13) and unifying her in communion and in the works of ministry, he bestows upon her varied hierarchic and charismatic gifts, and in . This Church of Christ is truly present in all legitimate local congregations of the faithful which, united with their pastors, are themselves called churches in the New Testament. (269)(3*) For after they have been received into their heavenly home and are present to the Lord,(270) through Him and with Him and in Him they do not cease to intercede with the Father for us,(4*) showing forth the merits which they won on earth through the one Mediator between God and man,(271) serving God in all things and filling up in their flesh those things which are lacking of the sufferings of Christ for His Body which is the Church. The rest of the things which the sacred Council sets forth, inasmuch as they are the teaching of the Church's supreme magisterium, ought to be accepted and embraced by each and every one of Christ's faithful according to the mind of the sacred Council. They must devote themselves with all their being to the glory of God and the service of their neighbor. vitae spir., c. 18. Vat. B.M.V., 3: PG 96, 728. dogm. All men are called to be part of this catholic unity of the people of God which in promoting universal peace presages it. Encycl. Deiparae: PG 86 (2), 3277-3312. Encycl. Mediator Dei, 20 nov. 1947: AAS 39 (1947) p. 553; Denz. 38, 25-26: PL 14, 105 1-52: CSEL 64, 203- 204. But the faithful must cling to their bishop, as the Church does to Christ, and Jesus Christ to the Father, so that all may be of one mind through unity,(61*) and abound to the glory of God. S. Augustinus Retract. 962-968 (1763-1778), et in specie l an. 590-591. Tridentinum, Sess. Chalcedonense, ib. For we must all "practice the truth in love, and so grow up in all things in Him who is head, Christ. Conc. 152-153. Abstract. It was prepared in a remarkable way throughout the history of the people of Israel and by means of the Old Covenant. The College, which does not exist without the head, is said "to exist also as the subject of supreme and full power in the universal Church." Lumen Gentium (Light of the nations) was promulgated by Pope Paul V. Mystici Corporis, 29 iun. by Fr. Pius XII, Alloc. - S. Io. They should preserve the bond of priestly communion, and they should abound in every spiritual good and thus present to all men a living witness to God. He does this not only through the hierarchy who teach in His name and with His authority, but also through the laity whom He made His witnesses and to whom He gave understanding of the faith (sensu fidei) and an attractiveness in speech(200) so that the power of the Gospel might shine forth in their daily social and family life. 3. In connection with the prophetic function is that state of life which is sanctified by a special sacrament obviously of great importance, namely, married and family life. Didache, 14: ed. (58) Benedictus XIV, Br. This religious submission of mind and will must be shown in a special way to the authentic magisterium of the Roman Pontiff, even . (12) S. Ign. But the whole process of Vatican II, including this document, did prove to be a catalyst for ecumenical dialogue in many ways. Since, like Paul the Apostle, he is debtor to all men, let him be ready to preach the Gospel to all,(174) and to urge his faithful to apostolic and missionary activity. In all of Christ's disciples the Spirit arouses the desire to be peacefully united, in the manner determined by Christ, as one flock under one shepherd, and He prompts them to pursue this end. 4. (30*) The individual bishops, however, are the visible principle and foundation of unity in their particular churches, (31*) fashioned after the model of the universal Church, in and from which churches comes into being the one and only Catholic Church. Bishops, as vicars and ambassadors of Christ, govern the particular churches entrusted to them (58*) by their counsel, exhortations, example, and even by their authority and sacred power, which indeed they use only for the edification of their flock in truth and holiness, remembering that he who is greater should become as the lesser and he who is the chief become as the servant. 3, ad 1. Lumen Gentium 16 Posted on 28 August 2006 by catholicsensibility Non-Christians get a look by the council bishops, starting with Judaism: Finally, those who have not yet received the Gospel are related in various ways to the people of God. Hom. And it is intimated also in the practice, introduced in ancient times, of summoning several bishops to take part in the elevation of the newly elected to the ministry of the high priesthood. Lumen Gentium rightly calls the Church "the universal sacrament of salvation" since Christ, who "is continually active in the world," leads all people to the Church so that He may "join them more closely to Himself." S. Cyprianus, Epist. (75) S. Polycarpus, Ad Phil. S Augustinus, Serm. Et sane, 17 dec. 1888: ASS 21 (1888) p. 321 s. (18) Conc. S. Ignatius M., Magn. The Lord Jesus, the divine Teacher and Model of all perfection, preached holiness of life to each and everyone of His disciples of every condition. (72), 8. She exhorts her children to purification and renewal so that the sign of Christ may shine more brightly over the face of the earth. V: De dignigate Patriarcharum: ibid. (94) So it is that that messianic people, although it does not actually include all men, and at times may look like a small flock, is nonetheless a lasting and sure seed of unity, hope and salvation for the whole human race. For charity, as the bond of perfection and the fullness of the law,(229) rules over all the means of attaining holiness and gives life to these same means. (3) Videatur synthetiea espositi huius doctrinae paulinae in: Piu XII, Litt. Funk, I, p. 300: Christus dicitur . Mystici Corporis, 1. c., pp 219-220; Denz. Mediator Dei 20 nov. 1947: AAS 39 (1947), paesertim p. 552 s. (7) I Cor. (20) Cfr. 6-9 (10-13); Symb. Modus 57. Pastor aeternus. textus examinis in initio consecrationis episcopalis, et Oratio in fine vissae eiusdem consecrationis, post Te Deum. (17*), Our union with the Church in heaven is put into effect in its noblest manner especially in the sacred Liturgy, wherein the power of the Holy Spirit acts upon us through sacramental signs. "(53*) In these communities, though frequently small and poor, or living in the Diaspora, Christ is present, and in virtue of His presence there is brought together one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church. (22*) Therefore it pertains to the bishops to admit newly elected members into the Episcopal body by means of the sacrament of Orders. 1943 AAS 35 (1943), p. 208. (20) Conc. Pius XII, Adhort. Idem, Epist. (4) Cfr. To these definitions the assent of the Church can never be wanting, on account of the activity of that same Holy Spirit, by which the whole flock of Christ is preserved and progresses in unity of faith. Iubilate Deo, 8 maii 1960: AAS S2 (1960) p. 466. Jn 16:13). First, the title of the document known as the Dogmatic Constitution on the Church: in Latin, it is titled Lumen Gentium, which means, "the light of the nations." This light is Jesus Christ. Mich. 5:2-3; Mt. Funk, I, p. 154 s. (7) Cfr. Pius XII Litt. 4, 1130 (necnon ib. luris pro Eccl. Sapientae christianae, 10 ian. (150) He incorporates new members in His Body by a heavenly regeneration, and finally by their wisdom and prudence He directs and guides the People of the New Testament in their pilgrimage toward eternal happiness. 247-248. They are called there by God that by exercising their proper function and led by the spirit of the Gospel they may work for the sanctification of the world from within as a leaven. 4 Const. It is not only through the sacraments and the ministries of the Church that the Holy Spirit sanctifies and leads the people of God and enriches it with virtues, but, "allotting his gifts to everyone according as He wills,(114) He distributes special graces among the faithful of every rank. Finally, those who have not yet received the Gospel are related in various ways to the people of God. All the members ought to be molded in the likeness of Him, until Christ be formed in them. de antiquis Conciliis, Eusebius, Hist. He is the image of the invisible God and in Him all things came into being. "(3*) Wherefore she is hailed as a pre-eminent and singular member of the Church, and as its type and excellent exemplar in faith and charity. 15:28). (104) Everywhere on earth they must bear witness to Christ and give an answer to those who seek an account of that hope of eternal life which is in them.(105). (70) Cfr. ib., III, 19, 26: col. 152; V, 18, 24: col. 189; In Io. Conc. Encycl. (112) Through it, the people of God adheres unwaveringly to the faith given once and for all to the saints,(113) penetrates it more deeply with right thinking, and applies it more fully in its life. Tuis mysterii tui summam men are called to be part of this catholic unity of faithful! It impede, but rather does it foster the immediate union of the nations ) was promulgated Pope...: Christus dicitur in truth b: PL 39, 1499 s. s. 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